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Because video processing is too technical to be entrusted to anyone. Because you want to preserve quality during an encoding.
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Version 4.01, (…corrected) High Sierra, subtitles, re-wrap, chapters, 3D, etc , 2018-05-12
MovieIndex requires an Intel processor, and a system from Mavericks (Mac OS 10.9) to High Sierra (10.13)
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Understanding interlaced video (with "Comb's effects")…

!Why try to understand it as everything is automated?
- Out of intellectual curiosity.
- To be able to bypass MovieConverter Studio's automations and to make even more ;-)

 

Videos can be progressive or interlaced. What does that mean?
…That they are made up of 1 or 2 'images' in each frame.

Example: a PAL video has 25 Frames Per Second (NTSC has 29.97 fps):

(You can try to apply these rules to NTSC yourself ;-))

Some drawings will follow to explain the various modes of encoding/display (it will make it easier to understand the principles).

 

 

The contents of the source file

If the source file is a movie/film (progressive), it's only made up of one image filling the whole height of the frame.
if you split the image into fields (just for fun), you'll see 2 fields made up of 2 complementary half-images.

p_contents0flechep_contents

Thus the number of single images per second (in PAL) is: 25 x 1 = 25 different images per second.

 

If the source file comes from a camcorder or a TV broadcast (interlaced file top or bottom, we don't care at this stage), the 2 fields consist of 2 images filling each one half the height of the frame.
Here, we don't split the frame into fields just for fun: it's necessary to isolate each field. The 2 fields consist of 2 different half-images.

i_contentsflechei_BFF

Thus the number of single images per second (in PAL) is: 25 x 2 = 50 different images per second.

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Display

We have seen that each frame consists of 2 fields:

Thus PAL shows in fact 50 fields every second, this is its standard.
Thus NTSC shows in fact 59.94 fields every second (60,000/1001 exactly), this is its standard.
No matter if the source is interlaced or progressive, each standard has its own number of images to broadcast/show per second.

To get a good display on your tv screen, encoding must consider if the source is interlaced or not and bring this information to the DVD player.
Let's see how the display proceeds…

 

The source file is progressive (a film, so not interlaced):

In PAL, encoding can be done regardless of progressive or interlaced. Anyway the display mode of the output device - the tv screen - is always interlaced

Progressive source file

p_contents

fleche

Progressive encoding

p_contents0

Interlaced encoding

p_i

 

In NTSC it's subtler, there are 2 kinds of NTSC, NTSC FILM and NTSC VIDEO.

Progressive source file

Progressive encoding

p_contents0 fleche p_contents0
We have to encode in progressive mode and add a "signal" to the video which is known as the pulldown signal.

(The step for adding the signal in MovieConverter Studio is called "DVD formatting of your video ..." while encoding into NTSC FILM).

The pulldown signal will automatically allow your DVD player to split your video (at 24 fps) into fields (24 x 2 = 48 fields per second) and to display them at the rate of (30 x 2) fields per second according to the 30 fps NTSC standard.
  • The player extract top and bottom fields on the fly.
  • It duplicates some of fields at regular time lapses so to succeed in displaying the necessary 60 fields per second (it displays the 4 first fields, it then duplicates the fourth one from frame 2 and displays them together with a field issued from the frame 3, and so on). Everything is software processed.

pulldown

The interest of this process is to avoid useless field duplications: it would be stupidly redundant and the size of your file, on the hard disk, unnecessarily increased.


!

MovieConverter will never hardcoded UNNECESSARILY duplicate fields, like others softwares will do while pretending to be able to do a (pseudo) conversion between standards (that will never be true telecine or transcoding).

 

 

The source file is interlaced (a video, so not progressive):

Both in PAL or in NTSC:

Interlaced source file

i_contents
fleche

Interlaced encoding

i_contents

Two different fields are joined into only one frame, the DVD player being in charge of disjoining fields, which displays them on the fly.

 

!What's interlaced "top" or "bottom"?

Do you understand things so far? All right. So 2 fields are joined together into one frame, but one field must be displayed before the other one and we must specify this order to the output device (DVD player) to avoid confusion.
Look at these two images. Do you notice any difference?

interlaced "top"

i_TFF
 

interlaced "bottom"

i_BFF

Did you notice the difference? If not, look at it more closely…

 

The image begins with a pink line at its very top. The first field to be read is the one that begins by the top line ("top" is called "odd lines" too, i.e. "lines 1,3,5,7,9, …until the line before the last one - #575 in PAL #479 in NTSC").   The image begins with a blue line at its very top. The first field to be read is the one that begins by the bottom line ("bottom" is called "even lines" too, i.e. "lines 2,4,6,8,10, …until the last one - #576 in PAL #480 in NTSC").
i_TFF   i_BFF

 

But if we define this video as interlaced "bottom", here's what happens when displayed:

  But if we define this video as interlaced "top", here's what happens when displayed:
p_contents_TFFwrapper   p_contents_BFFwrapper
It's a pity :-(
All the fields are inverted. Viewing will be unbearable (like filmed by a Parkinson-illed man), and you'll get a good headache ;-)

That's all. I hope that now you understand a little better what interlaced means.

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Register MovieConverter Studio ! (1)

* Comparative advertising skillfully disguised into tutorial *
Last stupid item. Most of your encoders have found 2 ways to hold the disappointment sad before:

i_TFF

fleche

They delete one field every two while being satisfied in stretching its height (no more problems with interlacing, but you're just downgrading your DV film into poor VHS quality).

This process is called "deinterlace", your software can do this following your settings (and most of time even without your agreement because they are not able to do anything else).

 

fleche

Or they keep the interlaced, but they don't manage it (and you get "burs", "comb effects", everywhere in the frames).

The 2 fields are displayed at the same time at the tv screen (and not the second one after the first one).
There is a loss of the readout order, simultaneous displaying of 2 sequential fields.

deinterlace   i_mix

 

&

About the progressive files source (the ONLY ONES that other softwares are able to treat), there is still another concern…

You saw above that an NTSC FILM's source file must be encoded by adding the pulldown signal pulldown (like this):

pulldown_soft

But much of your other softwares (freeware and shareware) do only that :-(

pulldown_hard

What do you think? … Which method is the smoothest? ;-)

Notice I said "much of your other softwares" and not "ALL" (as it is, alas, the case with the interlaced sources). Fortunately some software does at least that correctly.

 

Register MovieConverter Studio ! (2)

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Our users testimonials are our best arguments:

* Shamefully falsified advertising spots *

"Thanks to MovieConverter, I'm no longer confused with women when I show them my DVD"

georges@hoax.com

"How could I make DVDs before"

zorro@dondiego.la

"Washes whiter then white"

Kroger@ads.com

"Try it, my daughter likes it's sexy look!"

britney@spears.com

"MovieConverter made me good looking and pleasant"

gaetan@bogus.be

"Wazzza!"

azerty@0158.ju

"Hamburgerfonthill"

neville@brody.com

"MovieConverter has increased the size of my ***** in an unbelieveble rate!"

spam@0123.com

…this is only a part of the wildly enthusiastic remarks sent to MovieConverter Studio !

…And in a more commonplace way of saying it:

That's all, it's your choice now:

 

+ Link:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlace

 

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